The gold standard for measuring blood pressure is the mercury sphygmomanometer, which uses a column of mercury to measure pressure. However, due to concerns over mercury toxicity, the use of mercury sphygmomanometers has been largely phased out in many countries.
Nowadays, automated devices are commonly used to measure blood pressure. These include oscillometric devices, which measure blood pressure using changes in pressure and volume in the cuff, and auscultatory devices, which measure blood pressure by listening to Korotkoff sounds as the cuff is deflated.
The American Heart Association recommends using an automated oscillometric device with a cuff that covers at least 80% of the upper arm circumference and has been validated according to recognized standards. It is important to ensure the device is calibrated properly and to follow the manufacturer’s instructions for use.
Other factors can also affect blood pressure measurements, such as the time of day, physical activity, and stress levels. Therefore, it is important to measure blood pressure under standardized conditions, such as in a quiet room after at least 5 minutes of rest.
Overall, the best way to measure blood pressure is with a validated automated device under standardized conditions. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is important for maintaining cardiovascular health, and individuals with hypertension should work with their healthcare provider to develop a personalized plan for blood pressure management.
